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为明确不同小麦品种(系)对赤霉病的抗性和麦穗组织中DON毒素积累水平,培育和利用抗赤霉病和DON毒素积累的品种提供资源和依据,本研究采用单小花滴注接种法对河南省的106个小麦品种(系)抗赤霉病性进行鉴定分析,并用ELISA测定了病穗组织中DON毒素水平。结果表明不同小麦品种(系)对赤霉病的抗性有显著差异,106个小麦品种(系)中未发现抗病和中抗材料,中感品种(系)有华育198、郑麦103和春丰0021等14个,占13.2%;感病的有曌式2010-06、百农898和中麦63等92个,占86.8%。不同小麦品种(系)籽粒、颖壳和穗轴中DON毒素积累水平有显著差异,籽粒中DON毒素水平在(0.70~287.63)mg/kg之间,其中郑03876、豫保1号和中麦63的DON毒素水平在2 mg/kg以下,为抗毒素材料;其他的103个品种DON毒素水平大于2 mg/kg;颖壳和穗轴中的DON毒素水平在(51.03~392.87)mg/kg之间,普遍比籽粒中DON毒素含量高。籽粒中DON毒素水平与小麦品种(系)的平均病害严重度间呈极显著正相关。
In order to clarify the resistance of different wheat cultivars (lines) to Fusarium head blight and the accumulation level of DON toxin in wheat tissues, and to provide resources and basis for cultivating and utilizing varieties resistant to Fusarium head blight and DON toxin accumulation, Inoculation method was used to identify and analyze the resistance to scab of 106 wheat cultivars (lines) in Henan Province. The levels of DON toxin in diseased ear tissues were measured by ELISA. The results showed that the resistance of different wheat cultivars (lines) to scab was significantly different. There was no disease-resistant and medium-resistant material in 106 wheat cultivars. The susceptible cultivars (lines) were Huayu 198 and Zheng Mai 103 And Spring Fung 0021 and other 14, accounting for 13.2%; Sick type 2010-06, Bainong 898 and Zhongmai 63 92, accounting for 86.8%. The levels of DON toxin accumulation in grains, glume and cob of different wheat cultivars (lines) were significantly different, and the level of DON toxin in grains was between (0.70 ~ 287.63) mg / kg, among which, Zheng 03876, Yubao 1 and Zhongmai 63 was higher than 2 mg / kg for the DON toxins; the DON levels of the other 103 cultivars were greater than 2 mg / kg; the levels of DON toxin in the glume and cobwere from 51.03 to 392.87 mg / kg Between, generally higher than the content of DON toxin in grain. There was a significant positive correlation between the levels of DON toxin and the average disease severity of wheat cultivars (lines).