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目的:观察脉冲电磁场(pulsed electromagnetic fields,PEMF)对于废用性骨质疏松(disuse osteoporosis,DOP)大鼠骨形态学及血清学指标的影响,探讨PEMF治疗废用性骨质疏松的作用及其可能的机制。方法:选择雌性SD大鼠,体重250~280 g,随机分为4组,即正常对照组(INT组)、废用模型组(DOP组)、药物治疗组(ALN组)、脉冲电磁场组(PEMF组),每组20只,除正常对照组外,其余大鼠通过改良胫骨-尾部固定法制动建立模型废用性骨质疏松模型,ALN组大鼠灌胃予以阿仑膦酸钠(1 mg·kg-1·d-1)治疗,PEMF组大鼠予以PEMF照射40 min·d-1治疗,治疗后2、4、8、12周时检测各组大鼠的血清学指标并观察其骨组织形态学。结果:治疗2周后,与INT组比较,其余各组血清钙无明显差异,血磷明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),骨钙素(BGP)、碱性磷酸酶(ALT)、抗酒石酸磷酸酶(TRAP)则显著升高(P<0.01)。治疗4周后,与ALN组比较,PEMF组BGP、ALT显著升高(P<0.01);ALN组骨小梁排列比较DOP组紧密,整齐,骨小梁间隔较大,网状结构断裂程度较轻。治疗8周后,与DOP组比较,余组ALP、TRAP降低(P<0.01),与ALN组相较,PEMF组BGP、ALT显著升高(P<0.01)。治疗12周后,与DOP组比较,余组BGP、ALP、TRAP降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),与药物治疗组相较,PEMF组BGP、ALT、TRAP显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。PEMF组比较ALN组,骨小梁排列整齐有序,骨小梁数目增多,网状结构完整,骨小梁体积增大,厚度增厚。结论:PEMF通过增强成骨细胞功能促进骨形成,同时降低破骨细胞抑制骨吸收,可达到治疗废用性骨质疏松疾病的作用。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) on bone morphological and serological parameters of disuse osteoporosis (DOP) rats and to explore the effect of PEMF on disuse osteoporosis Possible mechanism. Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-280 g were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group (INT group), untreated group (DOP group), drug treatment group (ALN group), pulsed electromagnetic field group PEMF group), 20 rats in each group. Except for the normal control group, rats in the rest group were impaired by modified tibia-tail fixation to establish models of disuse osteoporosis model. Rats in ALN group were treated with alendronate sodium mg · kg-1 · d-1). The rats in PEMF group were treated with PEMF for 40 min · d-1. Serum indexes of rats in each group were detected at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after treatment Bone histomorphology. Results: Compared with INT group, there was no significant difference in serum calcium between the other two groups after treatment for 2 weeks, serum phosphorus was significantly decreased (P <0.05 or P <0.01), BGP, ALT, Tartrate-resistant phosphatase (TRAP) was significantly higher (P <0.01). After 4 weeks of treatment, compared with ALN group, the BGP and ALT in PEMF group were significantly increased (P <0.01). Compared with DOP group, ALT group had more trabecular bone arrangement, more trabecular spacing, more rupture of reticular structure light. Compared with DOP group, the levels of ALP and TRAP decreased in the remaining 8 weeks after treatment (P <0.01). Compared with ALN group, BGP and ALT increased significantly in PEMF group (P <0.01). Compared with DOP group, the levels of BGP, ALT and TRAP in the remaining group decreased after 12 weeks of treatment (P <0.05 or P <0.01), and the levels of BGP, ALT and TRAP in PEMF group were significantly increased (P <0.05 or P <0.01) P <0.01). In the PEMF group, compared with the ALN group, the trabecular arranged orderly, the number of trabecular bone increased, the network structure was intact, the trabecular volume increased, and the thickness increased. Conclusion: PEMF can promote bone formation by enhancing osteoblast function and inhibit bone resorption by osteoclasts, which can be used to treat disuse osteoporosis.