小儿上消化道出血可发生于胃、十二指肠溃疡病、胃粘膜脱垂症、肝硬化、血小板减少性紫癜、血友病等,偶见于钩虫病。由口服阿司匹林引起者国内报道尚少。我们近期收治二例,报道如下。例一:张×,男,7岁。因呕血1天,于1974年2月11日入院。患儿一月前开始不规则发热,游走性关节疼痛,当地医院诊断为“风湿性关节炎”,除予青霉素肌肉注射外,同时口服阿司匹林1克,一天2次。用药后热退,关节症状减轻。用药第九天发现黑便,每天2～3次。未经处理,亦未注意服药史。一周后因关节症状消失而停药。大便随之逐渐转黄。入院前3天又因发热,再给服阿司匹林,用量同前。2天 Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in children may occur in the stomach, duodenal ulcer disease, gastric mucosal prolapse, cirrhosis, thrombocytopenic purpura, hemophilia, occasionally in hookworm disease. Domestic reports of oral aspirin caused by less. We recently admitted two cases, reported as follows. Example 1: Zhang ×, male, 7 years old. Due to hematemesis 1 day, on February 11, 1974 admission. Children with irregular fever started walking a month ago, migratory joint pain, the local hospital diagnosed as “rheumatoid arthritis”, in addition to penicillin intramuscular injection, while taking aspirin 1 g orally, twice a day. Heat back after treatment, reduce joint symptoms. Medication found on the ninth day melena, 2 or 3 times a day. Untreated, nor medication history. One week after the disappearance of joint symptoms and withdrawal. Followed by the stool gradually turn yellow. 3 days before admission due to fever, give aspirin again, with the same amount. 2 days