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缺血性心脑血管疾病导致心脑组织缺氧,对心脏和脑组织造成进一步的损伤。对于缺氧这一病理生理刺激,机体通过适应性的变化调节机制维持自身的稳定。缺氧激活的缺氧诱导因子通过调节一系列靶基因如血管内皮生长因子、肾上腺髓质素、一氧化氮合成酶2和血红素加氧酶1等,进一步来调节血管舒张和新生血管生成、红细胞生成和抗炎症反应,从而改善心脑组织缺氧和损伤。近年来,通过构建载体提高缺氧诱导因子表达水平,进一步调控缺氧诱导因子靶基因表达,从而改善缺血组织中血液供应,在动脉粥样硬化及其所致的缺血性心脑血管疾病基因治疗的实验和临床中取得很大进展。
Ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases lead to heart and brain hypoxia, causing further damage to the heart and brain tissue. For the pathophysiological stimulation of hypoxia, the body maintains its own stability through adaptive change regulation mechanism. Hypoxia activated hypoxia inducible factor further regulates vasodilation and neovascularization by regulating a series of target genes such as vascular endothelial growth factor, adrenomedullin, nitric oxide synthase 2 and heme oxygenase 1, Erythropoiesis and anti-inflammatory response, thereby improving cardiomyocyte hypoxia and injury. In recent years, the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) is increased by constructing vector to further regulate the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor target gene to improve the blood supply in ischemic tissue. In atherosclerosis and its ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases Great progress has been made in the experimental and clinical gene therapy.