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目的以海南省乡镇卫生院应急能力调查为例探讨增强基层医疗机构应急急救能力对人员和设备的具体要求。方法以海南省为例,通过调查问卷的方式对海南省19个市县区乡镇卫生机构现有应急急救人员及设备进行调查,所得数据通过统计分析进行评价。结果海南省19个市县区共有16个市县区调查表完整可用。16个市县区专职急诊医生及护士人员较少,有9个市县区未专门设置专职急诊医生,5个市县区无专职急诊护士,7个市县区无专职的司机设置。急救设备:心电图机、彩色超声、黑白超声、监护仪、除颤仪、简易呼吸器、有创呼吸机、无创呼吸机、洗胃机、气管插管装置、X线机、CT机、铲式担架、脊柱板、颈托、抢救车,保有量普遍偏低,依次平均保有量:9.31、2.875、6.43、3、1.31、3.06、0.37、0、2.93、1.31、4.62、0、3.5、0.25、1.06、4.81。急救车总数为106辆,配套设备中出诊箱的数量基本能够满足急救车执行任务的使用,但便携式设备的配置比较少不能达到一车一套便携设备的要求。使用年限不到4年的救护车总共34辆,使用年限5~8年55辆,使用年限超过8年12辆,里程数不足10万公里68辆,里程数在11~20万公里18辆,里程数超过20万公里15辆。结论基层医疗机构应急急救水平的提高需要专项人员的增加及辅助急救设备的全面提高。
Objective To investigate the emergency response capability of township hospitals in Hainan Province as an example to explore the specific requirements of personnel and equipment for enhancing the emergency and emergency response capabilities of primary medical institutions. Methods Taking Hainan Province as an example, the existing emergency workers and equipment of township health institutions in 19 cities, counties and cities in Hainan Province were investigated through questionnaires. The data obtained were evaluated by statistical analysis. Results In 19 cities and counties in Hainan Province, a total of 16 cities and counties survey table is fully available. There were fewer full-time emergency doctors and nurses in 16 cities and counties, 9 emergency medical doctors and nurses were not set up in 9 cities and counties, 5 full-time emergency nurses in cities and counties, and 7 full-time drivers in cities and counties. First Aid Equipment: Electrocardiograph, color ultrasound, black and white ultrasound, monitor, defibrillator, respirator, invasive ventilator, noninvasive ventilator, gastric lavage, endotracheal intubation, X-ray, CT, shovel Stretchers, spinal boards, cervical care, rescue vehicles, generally low holdings, followed by the average holdings: 9.31,2.875,6.43,3,1.31,3.06,0.37,0,2.93,1.31,4.62,0,3.5,0.25, 1.06, 4.81. The total number of ambulances is 106, and the number of outpatient facilities in the ancillary equipment can basically meet the ambulance’s mission. However, the configuration of portable devices can not meet the requirements of a portable device in a vehicle. A total of 34 ambulances with a service life of less than 4 years, 55 service life of 5 to 8 years and 12 service life of more than 8 years, mileage of less than 100,000 km 68 and mileage of 11 to 200,000 km 18, Mileage of more than 200,000 km 15. Conclusion The improvement of the level of emergency and first aid in primary medical institutions requires the increase of special personnel and the overall improvement of auxiliary first aid equipment.