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目的研究深圳市流感样病例中鼻病毒(HRV)流行特征。方法收集2015—2016年深圳市宝安区两家医院门诊流感样病例的咽拭子及相关资料,采用RT-PCR检测HRV RNA。结果 HRV RNA阳性率为8.27%(47/568),其中男性检出率11.34%(28/247),女性检出率5.92%(19/321),检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HRV感染集中在7岁以下儿童,构成比46.81%(22/47),各年龄组间检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HRV感染呈现春、秋两季检出率高,夏、冬两季低的趋势,不同季节的检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患者症状发热以中高热、咳嗽、咽痛为主,全身症状(如全身酸痛)出现较少。结论深圳地区HRV呈秋季高发、7岁以下儿童高发的流行特征。
Objective To study the prevalence of rhinovirus (HRV) in influenza-like cases in Shenzhen. Methods Throat swabs and related data of influenza-like cases from 2015 to 2016 in two hospitals in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City were collected. HRV RNA was detected by RT-PCR. Results The positive rate of HRV RNA was 8.27% (47/568). The detection rate of HRV RNA was 11.34% (28/247) in women and 5.92% (19/321) in women. The detection rate was significantly different (P < 0.05). HRV infection concentrated in children under 7 years of age, the composition ratio of 46.81% (22/47), the detection rate of each age group was statistically significant (P <0.05). HRV infection showed a high detection rate in spring and autumn and a low trend in summer and winter, with a significant difference in detection rates in different seasons (P <0.05). Symptoms of fever in patients with fever, cough, sore throat, systemic symptoms (such as body aches) appear less. Conclusion The prevalence of HRV in Shenzhen was high in autumn, and the prevalence of children under 7 years old was high.