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为研究近自然森林经营下的樟子松人工林不同林分类型对昆虫群落多样性的影响,本文以塞罕坝自然保护区内的樟子松纯林与混交林作为研究对象,对5种林分类型(樟子松、樟子松-落叶松、樟子松-白桦、樟子松-山荆子、樟子松-落叶松-白桦-山荆子-山刺玫)中的昆虫多样性进行分析.共获得昆虫标本9617头,隶属于7目70科195种,以双翅目、半翅目和鞘翅目为优势类群.5种不同林分类型中的昆虫物种均比较丰富,且各林分类型之间的昆虫群落结构均处于中等不相似水平,樟子松混交林内的昆虫物种数和个体数均高于纯林,但昆虫群落特征指数在不同林分类型之间无显著差异.主成分分析显示,植食性类群、捕食性类群和寄生性类群是构成昆虫群落结构的主要成分,且捕食性和寄生性等天敌类群对植食性类群的制约作用较强,各林分内昆虫群落结构均具有较高的稳定性.
In order to study the effects of different stands of Pinus sylvestris var. Mongolica on the diversity of insect communities under near-natural forest management, this paper studied Pinus sylvestris var. Mongolica and mixed forest in Saihanba Nature Reserve, Diversity of species in forest types (Pinus sylvestris, Pinus sylvestris - Larix, Pinus sylvestris - Betula platyphylla, Pinus sylvestris var. Mongolica, Pinus sylvestris var. Mongolica - Larch - Betula platyphylla - The results showed that there were 9,617 insect specimens belonging to 195 families of 7 orders and 70 families, with Diptera, Hemiptera and Coleoptera as the dominant groups, all of which were rich in insect species The community structure of insects in different types of forest was moderately dissimilar, and the species and individual number of insects in Pinus sylvestris var. Mongolica mixed forest were higher than those in pure forest. However, the insect community characteristic index had no significant difference among different forest types The principal component analysis showed that the phytophagous group, predatory group and parasitic group are the main components of the insect community structure, and the predatory and parasitic natural enemies have strong restriction on the herbivorous groups, and the insects Community structure with high stability.