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以小麦生产为研究对象,运用无径向无角度的SBM-DEA模型对2004-2013年15个粮食主产区在粮田污染限制条件下的生态效率进行了测算。结果表明:小麦生态效率从2004年开始不断下降,到2012年出现拐点,逐步上升,东北区域生态效率最优,其次是中西部区域,最后是黄淮海区域和南方区域;投入产出无效率分析表明不降低小麦单产前提下,可以减少劳动力投入61.69%、农药投入41.16%和化肥投入28.35%,以及可以降低粮田污染残留53.83%。从区域差异来看中西部最高的化肥投入无效率,南方区域最高的农药投入无效率;污染物残留在南方区域最高,其次黄淮海区域。减污潜力最大的是在黄淮海区域和中西部的新疆地区。
Taking the wheat production as the research object, the ecological efficiency of the 15 major grain-producing areas under the restriction of grain-field pollution from 2004 to 2013 was calculated by using the radial-free SBM-DEA model. The results showed that the ecological efficiency of wheat declined continuously from 2004, and inflection point was observed in 2012 and gradually increased. The ecological efficiency of Northeast China was the highest, followed by the central and western regions, and finally to the Huang-Huai-Hai region and the southern region. The inefficiency of input-output The results showed that 61.69% of labor input, 41.16% of pesticide input and 28.35% of chemical fertilizer input could be reduced without reducing wheat yield, and 53.83% of grain residue pollution could be reduced. From the perspective of regional differences, the highest fertilization rate in central and western China is inefficient and the highest pesticide input in the southern region is inefficient. The pollutant residues are highest in the southern region, followed by the Huang-Huai-Hai region. The greatest potential for reducing pollutants is in the Huang-Huai-Hai region and in the central and western regions of Xinjiang.