中国在一定时期内能源结构仍将以煤为主,而煤炭的清洁利用将是我国未来能源战略的关键问题。目前煤炭清洁利用单元技术主要有整体煤气化联合循环(IGCC)、煤炭地下气化技术(UCG)以及以煤气化为龙头,以碳一化工技术为基础,合成、制取化工产品和燃料油的现代煤化工。现代煤化工包括煤制油、煤制天然气、煤制烯烃、煤制乙二醇、煤制乙炔等,其产品大多属于石油化工产品的替代品。现代煤化工在世界范围内还没有完全成熟的技术和成功的工业化经验可借鉴,尚处在探索、验证阶段,发展前景仍存在不确定性。为此有学者提出,煤化工项目应与IGCC发电等一起发展多联产系统,从而实现经济效益最大化、环境污染最小化。煤基多联产比单纯的IGCC发电具有更好的经济性、更高的能量效率以及更加灵活的操作性,而作为先进的洁净煤技术,IGCC将成为未来能源系统的核心技术和重要基础之一。煤气化是IGCC的核心技术,煤炭地下气化技术开辟了煤炭高效、清洁、低碳开发利用的新途径,是从根本上解决传统开采方法存在的一系列技术和环境问题的重要途径。近年来,我国现代煤化工产业发展迅速,但同时也呈现出过热和无序发展态势。目前煤化工的经济性并没有得到充分论证和认可,国内当前正在运营的项目较大部分仍处于试点阶段。以煤气化为龙头的IGCC多联产是我国煤炭清洁利用的战略方向。目前我国IGCC和多项现代煤化工技术已具备技术推广的条件,国家应该从管理体制、政策法规、融资等方面给予大力扶持。 China’s energy structure will remain dominated by coal within a certain period of time, and the clean utilization of coal will be the key issue for China’s future energy strategy. At present, the technology of unit of clean coal utilization mainly includes integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC), underground coal gasification technology (UCG), and coal gasification as a leader, based on carbon-chemical technology, synthesis, preparation of chemical products and fuel oil Modern Coal Chemical Industry Modern coal chemical industry, including coal to oil, natural gas from coal, coal to olefins, coal to ethylene glycol, coal acetylene, etc., most of their products are petrochemical alternatives. Modern coal chemical industry in the world has not yet fully mature technology and successful experience in industrialization can learn from, is still in the exploration and verification stage, there are still uncertain prospects for development. To this end some scholars have suggested that the coal chemical industry project should develop a polygeneration system together with IGCC power generation and so on to maximize economic benefits and minimize environmental pollution. Coal-based multi-generation is more economical, energy efficient and more flexible than pure IGCC power generation, and as an advanced clean coal technology, IGCC will become the core technology and an important foundation for future energy systems one. Coal gasification is the core technology of IGCC. Underground coal gasification technology opens up a new way for coal to be efficient, clean and low-carbon development and utilization. It is an important way to fundamentally solve a series of technical and environmental problems existing in traditional mining methods. In recent years, China’s rapid development of modern coal chemical industry, but also showed overheating and disorderly development trend. At present, the economy of coal chemical industry has not been fully justified and recognized. Most of the projects currently under operation in China are still in the pilot phase. IGCC polygeneration, with coal gasification as the leading factor, is the strategic direction for the clean utilization of coal in China. At present, China’s IGCC and a number of modern coal chemical technology has the conditions for technology promotion, the state should give strong support from the management system, policies and regulations, financing and so on.