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目的探索CD8+CD28+杀伤性T细胞和CD8+CD28-抑制性T细胞及其所构成的平衡在慢性支气管哮喘发病机制中的作用。方法选取稳定期慢性支气管哮喘患者25例为实验组,同时选取慢性支气管炎及健康志愿者各25例作为对照组。采集外周血并采用多色流式细胞仪检测CD8+CD28+及CD8+CD28-T细胞的含量,并检测细胞因子γ干扰素(IFN-γ)及白介素4(IL-4)含量。结果与慢性支气管炎及健康志愿者比较,慢性支气管哮喘患者的CD8+CD28-抑制性T细胞含量明显降低(P<0.05),而CD8+CD28+杀伤性T细胞以及CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28-T细胞平衡含量明显升高(P<0.05)。慢性支气管哮喘患者CD8+CD28+杀伤性T细胞内IFN-γ明显降低,而CD8+CD28-抑制性T细胞内IL-4含量明显升高(P<0.05)。结论 CD8+CD28-T细胞含量降低导致免疫抑制不足可能是慢性支气管哮喘的重要机制,CD8+CD28+T细胞过度分泌IL-4诱导Tc2类免疫反应可能是慢性哮喘发作的关键环节。
Objective To explore the role of CD8 + CD28 + killer T cells and CD8 + CD28-suppressor T cells in the pathogenesis of chronic bronchial asthma. Methods Twenty-five patients with stable chronic bronchial asthma were selected as the experimental group. Chronic bronchitis and 25 healthy volunteers were selected as the control group. Peripheral blood was collected and the contents of CD8 + CD28 + and CD8 + CD28-T cells were detected by multi-color flow cytometry. The levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 were detected. Results Compared with chronic bronchitis and healthy volunteers, the levels of CD8 + CD28-suppressor T cells in patients with chronic bronchial asthma were significantly decreased (P <0.05), but CD8 + CD28 + killer T cells and CD8 + CD28 + / CD8 + T cell balance was significantly increased (P <0.05). The levels of IFN-γ in CD8 + CD28 + killer T cells in patients with chronic bronchial asthma were significantly decreased, while the levels of IL-4 in CD8 + CD28- T cells were significantly increased (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: The deficiency of CD8 + CD28-T cells leading to immunosuppression may be an important mechanism of chronic bronchial asthma. CD8 + CD28 + T cells over-secretion IL-4-induced Tc2 immune response may be the key link of chronic asthma attacks.