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通过聚苯乙烯(PS)胶晶模板法合成了三维有序大孔(3DOM)α-Fe2O3,运用扫描电镜、热重分析、X射线衍射、电化学充放电等多种方法对其结构和性能进行了表征和研究.SEM表明PS胶晶模板和3DOMα-Fe2O3呈周期性排列.合成的3DOMα-Fe2O3为三维有序多孔网状结构,具有球型和六边形的孔隙形貌,其孔径大小约为(115±10)nm;孔壁由α-Fe2O3纳米晶粒组成,壁厚为20～30nm.XRD图谱表明经过煅烧除去模板后,形成了纯α-Fe2O3相.当3DOMα-Fe2O3作为锂离子电池负极材料时,首次放电充电容量分别高达1880和1130mAh·g-1,20次循环后可逆容量依然高达631mAh·g-1,库仑效率大于90%.
Three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3DOM) α-Fe2O3 was synthesized by polystyrene (PS) template. The structure and properties of 3DOM α-Fe2O3 were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, XRD and electrochemical charge- Were characterized and studied.SEM showed that PS colloidal template and 3DOMα-Fe2O3 were periodically arranged.The synthesized 3DOMα-Fe2O3 was a three-dimensional ordered porous network structure with spherical and hexagonal pore morphology, the pore size (115 ± 10) nm.The wall of the pore is composed of α-Fe2O3 nanocrystalline grains with a wall thickness of 20-30nm.The XRD patterns show that the pureα-Fe2O3 phase is formed after calcination to remove the template.When 3DOMα-Fe2O3is used as lithium When the negative electrode material of the ion battery is used, the initial discharge charge capacity is as high as 1880 and 1130mAh · g-1, respectively, and the reversible capacity is still as high as 631mAh · g-1 after 20 cycles. The coulombic efficiency is over 90%.