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基于雷诺时均N-S方程和标准k-ε双方程湍流模型,对混流式水轮机全流道的三维定常湍流的48个工况点进行了计算。捕捉到了水轮机各过流部件内及动静部件间的流动细节和旋涡的结构与演化特征等重要流动信息。在全流道三维定常湍流计算的基础上,建立了基于N-S方程的混流式水轮机性能预估方法。预估的能量性能与试验结果相符。结果表明所提出的混流式水轮机性能预估方法应用于水轮机的水力设计和改造中,可以减少模型试验次数和缩短产品开发周期。而且此种性能预估方法不但可预估水轮机的性能,同时还可获得水轮机各过流部件内的流场信息,能从定量和定性两个方面评价水轮机的性能。
Based on the Reynolds-averaged N-S equation and the standard k-ε two-equation turbulence model, 48 operating points of the three-dimensional steady turbulent flow in the full runner of a Francis turbine are calculated. It captures the important flow information such as the details of the flow and the structure and evolution of the vortices in the various flow components of the turbine and between the static and dynamic components. Based on the three-dimensional steady-state turbulent flow calculation of full runner, the performance prediction method of Francis turbine based on N-S equation is established. The estimated energy performance is consistent with the test results. The results show that the proposed method of predicting the performance of Francis turbines can be applied to hydraulic design and reconstruction of hydraulic turbines, which can reduce the number of model tests and shorten the product development cycle. Moreover, this performance prediction method can not only predict the performance of the turbine, but also obtain the flow field information of the flow components in the turbine. The performance of the turbine can be evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively.