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以籼稻两用雄性核不育系（简称两用系）培矮６４Ｓ为供体，通过花药培养，获得了２６个愈伤系共１９６９株花粉植株．根据花粉一代（Ｈ１）的倍性和育性，可把它们分为三种类型，即ａ）单倍体：有１个愈伤系４１株全为单倍体植株；ｂ）不分离型：有１９个愈伤系的群体育性不分离，全部植株均在不育期表现败育，其它性状有差异但不显著；ｃ）分离型：其余６个愈伤系表现分离，其中三个各有２—７株单倍体植株出现，并且这些愈伤系中均有花粉染色率及自交结实率较高的植株。未经培养的供体两用系（对照）群体中也有１．５％的植株为可育株，说明应用多年的培矮６４５有关育性的基因型并不纯合。经过两代的选择，至Ｈ３代，所选育的１０５个单株后代中，个体之间的表现整齐一致。Ｈ４代分４期播种，各期的播始天数呈由长到短的变化趋势，表现出生育期感温性的特点。同时观察到，其稳定不育期比对照长３ｄ左右，育性转换期结实率比对照高５．８％以上。测交了１０８个组合，各组合Ｆ１代均表现出高产的特性．研究表明，花药培养是提纯及改良两用系的有效途径．
A total of 1969 pollen plants from 26 callus lines were obtained from anther culture of Pei’ai 64S, a dual-use male sterile line for indica rice (referred to as dual-purpose line). According to the ploidy and fertility of the pollen generation (H1), they can be divided into three types, namely a) Haploid: one is callus 41 plants are all haploid plants; b) inseparable: There were 19 callus groups with no segregation of fertility, all of the plants were aborted during the sterile period and other traits were different but not significant. C) Isolation type: The remaining 6 callus lines were segregated, of which three There were 2-7 haploid plants appearing, and all of these callus lines had pollen dyeing rate and high self-fertility rate. 1.5% of the plants in the untreated donor dual-use (control) population were also fertile, indicating that Pei’ai 645 fertility-related genotypes were not homozygous for many years. After two generations of selection, to the generation of H3, the selected offspring of 105 individual offspring, the performance between individuals neat. H4 on behalf of four seeding, the number of days of each period from long to short trends, showing the characteristics of the growth period of temperature. At the same time, it was observed that the stable sterile period was about 3 days longer than that of the control, and the seed setting rate of fertility transition period was over 5.8% higher than that of the control. A total of 108 combinations were tested, and F1 combinations of all combinations showed high yield characteristics. Studies have shown that anther culture is an effective way to purify and improve dual-purpose lines.