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研究常见浮游微藻对栉孔扇贝“急性病毒性坏死症病毒”(AVNV)的黏附和携带,探讨微藻作为病毒水平传播媒介的可能性,进而了解AVNV的水平传播途径。我们选取培养17种海区常见浮游微藻,在微藻生长的指数增长期混入AVNV病毒粗提液,用PCR等分子检测法定期对试验微藻携带AVNV的情况进行检测。实验结果表明,亚心形扁藻、小球藻、绿色杜氏藻、四爿藻、中肋骨条藻和小新月菱形藻可以在一定时间内携带AVNV,占到实验微藻总数的35.3%。用携带AVNV的6种微藻投喂试验栉孔扇贝以分析其致病力,结果表明,试验扇贝表现出典型的急性病毒性死亡症状,在试验的9d时间内,6组感染组试验扇贝的累积死亡率均显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)高于对照组,表明携带AVNV的微藻具有显著的致病性。本研究的结果表明,栉孔扇贝通过摄食携带AVNV的微藻而感染发病是可能的,浮游微藻可能是AVNV水平传播的重要传递体。
To study the adhesion and entrapment of common planktonic microalgae to chlamys farreri and acute viral necrotizing virus (AVNV), and to explore the possibility of using microalgae as a viral vector to further understand the level of AVNV transmission. We selected 17 kinds of common seaweed microalgae cultured in the exponential growth phase of microalgae mixed AVNV virus crude extract, PCR and other molecular detection of microalgae regularly carry the detection of AVNV carrying microalgae. The results showed that AVNV could be carried by P. aeruginosa, Chlorella vulgaris, Dunaliella salina, Tetraselmis divaricatum, Skeletonema costatum and C. marinus within a certain period of time, accounting for 35.3% of the total number of experimental microalgae. Six species of microalgae carrying AVNV were fed on Zhikong scallops to analyze their virulence. The results showed that the scallops showed typical symptoms of acute viral death. Within the 9 days of experiment, The cumulative mortality rate was significantly (P <0.05) or significantly (P <0.01) higher than the control group, indicating that microalgae carrying AVNV have significant pathogenicity. The results of this study indicate that it is possible that Chlamys farreri can infect by infection of microalgae carrying AVNV, and that the planktonic microalgae may be an important transmission body of AVNV transmission.