目的:比较茵陈蒿汤水提物和醇提物对大鼠肝损伤的疗效,并初步探讨二者疗效差异的原因。方法:用TLC初步比较茵陈蒿汤水提物和醇提物的成分差异,HPLC测定茵陈蒿汤水提物和醇提物中栀子苷和大黄素的含量,并以D-氨基半乳糖(D-GalN)复制大鼠肝损伤模型,随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、乙醇提取物高剂量预防组、乙醇提取物低剂量预防组、水提物高、低剂量组。水提物和醇提物的高、低剂量分别以预防性ig高剂量1.67 g.kg-1、低剂量0.84 g.kg-1给药7 d,对照组正常饮食。8 d后观察提取物对大鼠血清肝损伤指标的影响,对肝组织进行常规HE染色。结果:茵陈蒿汤水提物和醇提物的成分存在差别,但二者均具有肝损伤的保护作用,其中水提物能明显降低模型大鼠血清天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆红素(T-Bil)含量(P<0.05,P<0.01),改善了肝脏的炎症病理状态。醇提物对血清AST,ALT,ALP等部分指标有所改善(P<0.05,P<0.01)。但水提取物中栀子苷和大黄素的含量均低于醇提取物。结论:以药效为指标,茵陈蒿汤对D-氨基半乳糖所致大鼠肝损伤的保护作用,以水提取工艺为佳。 Objective: To compare the curative effect of Yinchenhao decoction and ethanol extract on rat liver injury, and to explore the reasons for the difference between them. Methods: The contents of water extract and alcohol extract of Yinchenhao Decoction were compared by TLC. The contents of geniposide and emodin in the water extract and alcohol extract of Yinchenhao Decoction were determined by HPLC. The contents of D-galactosamine D-GalN) model rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model control group, ethanol extract high-dose prevention group, ethanol extract low-dose prevention group, water extract high and low dose group. The high and low doses of water extract and alcohol extract were given high-dose prophylactic ig 1.67 g.kg-1 and low-dose 0.84 g.kg-1 for 7 d, respectively. The control group received normal diet. After 8 days, the effect of extract on serum hepatic injury index was observed, and the liver tissue was routinely HE stained. Results: There were differences in the components of Yinchenhao decoction between water extract and alcohol extract, but both of them had the protective effect of liver injury. The water extract could obviously reduce the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ALT, TG and T-Bil levels (P <0.05, P <0.01), and improved the inflammatory pathological state of the liver. Alcohol extract on serum AST, ALT, ALP and some other indicators improved (P <0.05, P <0.01). However, the content of geniposide and emodin in the water extract was lower than that of the alcohol extract. Conclusion: The pharmacological effects of Yinchehao decoction on liver injury induced by D-galactosamine in rats is better than water extraction.