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目的探索中山市镇区成年人高血压患病相关影响因素,为制定社区高血压健康管理策略提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,对中山市6个镇区11 322名18岁及以上居民进行问卷调查。结果中山市镇区成年高血压的患病率为8.01%,在患病人群中,不吸烟的占74.86%,不饮酒的占86.11%,有体育锻炼的占45.98%。高血压患者和非患者每天静坐时间分别为(6.50±4.02)h、(6.10±2.73)h,差异有统计学意义(P=0.004)。超过50.00%的高血压患者知道自己平时的血压,有22.93%的调查对象有主动获取保健知识,有98.57%的人回答错误或者不知道成年人平均每日食盐量。非条件多因素Logistic回归分析显示,中山市镇区成人高血压的危险因素是男性、已婚、吸烟、饮酒、饮食重,年龄、口味适中和参加体育锻炼为保护因素。结论中山市镇区成人高血压患病率较低,性别、吸烟、饮酒、饮食口味、体育锻炼等是影响成年居民高血压的主要影响因素,应继续加强社区高血压的规范化管理。
Objective To explore the influencing factors of hypertension in adults in Zhongshan township and to provide a scientific basis for the development of community health management strategies. Methods A multistage randomized cluster sampling method was used to survey 11 322 residents aged 18 and above in 6 townships of Zhongshan City. Results The prevalence of adult hypertension was 8.01% in Zhongshan Township. Among the affected population, 74.86% did not smoke, 86.11% did not drink alcohol, and 45.98% did physical exercise. Hypertensive patients and non-patients daily sit-in time was (6.50 ± 4.02) h, (6.10 ± 2.73) h, the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.004). More than 50.00% of hypertensive patients know their usual blood pressure, 22.93% of respondents take the initiative to obtain health knowledge, 98.57% of them answered wrongly or do not know the average daily salt intake of adults. Logistic regression analysis of unconditional multivariate logistic regression showed that risk factors for adult hypertension in Zhongshan town were male, married, smoking, drinking, diet, age, moderate taste and participation in physical exercise as protective factors. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension among adults in Zhongshan Township is low. Sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, dietary habits, physical exercise and other factors are the main influencing factors of hypertension among adults. Zhongshan Municipal People ’s Government should continue to strengthen the standardized management of community hypertension.