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对保存在国家种质武汉水生蔬菜资源圃内慈姑41份地方品种、26份野生资源的遗传多样性进行了分析。结果表明:各性状多样性指数均较大,数量性状遗传多样性指数(1.840～2.039)高于质量性状(1.033～1.382),说明这些慈姑种质资源具有广泛的遗传多样性,且数量性状遗传变异更丰富;与慈姑种质资源产品相关的性状变异系数较高(24.16%～62.01%),利用现有资源选育球茎大、产量高的品种成为可能。基于慈姑资源13个表型性状的聚类分析,将67份慈姑种质资源分为3类,第Ⅰ类为野生资源类群,该类可进一步分为3个亚类,第Ⅱ类为栽培黄慈姑类群,第Ⅲ类为栽培乌慈姑类群,该类亦可进一步分为2个亚类,大类或亚类间亲缘关系较远,在慈姑杂交育种时宜选择类群间或者亚类间的材料为亲本。
The genetic diversity of 41 wild cultivars and 26 wild plants conserved in the national germplasm Wuhan aquatic vegetable garden was analyzed. The results showed that the diversity index of each trait was large, and the genetic diversity index of quantitative trait (1.840 ~ 2.039) was higher than that of the quality trait (1.033 ~ 1.382), which indicated that these germplasm resources had a wide range of genetic diversity and the quantitative trait inheritance The mutation coefficient was higher (24.16% ~ 62.01%) with the germplasm resources of the Sagittaria germplasm resources. It is possible to breed the varieties with large bulblets and high yield using the available resources. Based on the cluster analysis of 13 phenotypic traits of Sagittaria resources, 67 germplasm resources of Sagittaria germplasm were divided into 3 categories, the first category was wild resource group, which could be further divided into 3 subclasses, the second category was cultivated yellow Sagittaria group, the third category for the cultivation of Wuci Gu group, the class can be further divided into two sub-categories, sub-categories or sub-categories of distant genetic relationship in the arrowhead cross-breeding should choose between groups or subcategories of material as Parents.