论文部分内容阅读
以豫西丘陵地区15年的保护性耕作试验为平台,研究了不同耕作措施对土壤水稳性团聚体分布及稳定性和土壤细菌、古菌及真菌多样性的影响.结果表明:与传统耕作相比,免耕、深松覆盖和小麦-花生两茬耕作处理增加了>2000μm粒级团聚体的相对含量,减少了<53μm粒级团聚体的相对含量;显著提高了土壤团聚体平均质量直径(MWD),提高幅度分别为18.0%、12.2%和50.4%.免耕、深松覆盖和两茬耕作处理均可提高细菌、古菌和真菌的Shannon指数(H),细菌分别提高0.3%、0.3%和0.6%,古菌分别提高20.2%、40.5%和49.1%,真菌分别提高23.7%、19.5%和25.8%.土壤细菌和古菌的H指数与大团聚体含量(R0.25)和MWD显著相关,而真菌的H指数与R0.25和MWD相关性不显著.综上,采用免耕、深松结合小麦秸秆覆盖以及小麦-花生轮作等措施均可改善土壤团聚体状况,提高土壤微生物多样性指数.
Taking 15 years of conservation tillage in the hilly area of western Henan as a platform, the effects of different tillage measures on the distribution and stability of soil water-stable aggregates and the diversity of soil bacteria, archaea and fungi were studied. The results showed that: Compared with the no-tillage, the deep-covered and the peanut-tillage treatments, the relative contents of> 2000μm aggregates and the relative contents of <53μm aggregates were decreased and the average mass diameter of soil aggregates was significantly increased (MWD) increased by 18.0%, 12.2% and 50.4%, respectively.The Shannon index (H) of bacteria, archaea and fungi increased by no-till, 0.3% and 0.6% respectively, and the archaea increased by 20.2%, 40.5% and 49.1%, respectively, and the fungi increased by 23.7%, 19.5% and 25.8% respectively.The H index and the macroaggregates (R0.25) and MWD, but no significant correlation between fungal H index and R0.25 and MWD.In summary, no-tillage, subsoiling combined with wheat straw mulching and wheat-peanut rotation could improve soil aggregate status and soil Microbial diversity index.