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[目的]探讨龙岩市2004年儿童病毒性脑炎流行的病因、流行规律及特征。[方法]对142例病毒性脑炎病例进行流行病学调查,对其中30例的脑脊液标本进行病毒分离和型别鉴定。[结果]142例患者分布在我市的6个县(市、区),其中新罗区占(66.2%),另有广东省大埔县2例;年龄以5~12岁为多;男性68.3%,女性31.7%;5~6月为发病高峰。临床主要表现为突然发病、发热(92.4%)、头痛(83.1%)、呕吐(68.6%)等;脑电图以轻中度异常为主;67.8%血常规正常;脑脊液常规87.5%颅内压力增高,56.8%细胞数增加。疗程10天左右。从30份脑脊液中检出16株ECHO 19病毒。[结论]流行病学调查及实验室病原检测确认,龙岩市儿童病毒性脑炎病原为ECHO 19。
[Objective] To explore the etiopathogenisis, prevalence and characteristics of children’s viral encephalitis in 2004 in Longyan City. [Method] Epidemiological investigation was made on 142 cases of viral encephalitis, and 30 cases of cerebrospinal fluid samples were isolated and identified by virus. [Results] 142 patients were located in 6 counties (cities and districts) in our city, of which, Xinluo District accounted for 66.2%, and another 2 in Dapu County, Guangdong Province. The age ranged from 5 to 12 years old. Men 68.3%, 31.7% of women; 5 to 6 months for the peak incidence. Clinical manifestations of sudden onset, fever (92.4%), headache (83.1%), vomiting (68.6%), etc .; EEG was mainly mild to moderate; 67.8% of normal blood; cerebrospinal fluid routine 87.5% intracranial pressure Increased, 56.8% increase in cell number. Course of 10 days or so. Sixteen ECHO 19 viruses were detected from 30 cerebrospinal fluid. [Conclusion] Epidemiological investigation and laboratory pathogen detection confirmed that ECHO 19 was the etiological agent of children with viral encephalitis in Longyan City.