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目的了解琼海市美容美发类公共场所从业人员乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)相关知识、态度、行为(Knowledge-Attitude-Practice,KAP),以及乙肝病毒(Hepatitis B Virus,HBV)感染现状,为制定控制策略提供依据。方法分层整群随机抽取不同级别公共场所从业人员134人,采用问卷调查的方式进行乙肝防治KAP调查,采血检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)。结果公共场所从业人员对乙肝防治知识认知水平较低,乙肝疫苗(Hepatitis B Vac-cine,HepB)接种率较低,HBsAg阳性率为11.9%;中、小型公共场所从业人员HBV感染情况较大型公共场所从业人员严重(χ2=6.171,P<0.05);将饮食列为HBV主要传播途径的占82.1%,认为蚊虫可以传播HBV的占21.6%;经血液、医疗活动、性接触等方式传播的知晓率分别占35.8%、11.2%、23.1%;认为乙肝的危害是严重的占86.6%,认为乙肝能引起肝硬化或肝癌的占62.7%,且55.2%的人认为乙肝可以治愈;接种过HepB的从业人员对HepB的认知水平较未接种者高;从业时间≤1年者HBsAg阳性率比>1年者高(χ2=4.8,P<0.05)。结论应加强公共场所,特别是中、小型公共场所的管理,和对从业人员的健康教育,提高对乙肝的认知水平和HepB接种率。
Objective To understand the status of Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection in public places in beauty salons in Qionghai City, Provide a basis for the development of control strategy. Methods A stratified cluster was randomly selected from 134 employees in public places of different levels. A KAP investigation of prevention and treatment of hepatitis B was conducted by means of a questionnaire survey. Blood samples were collected for the detection of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg). Results The employees in public places had a lower cognition level of Hepatitis B prevention and treatment, HepB vaccination rate was lower, the positive rate of HBsAg was 11.9%, HBV infection in medium and small-sized public places workers was larger Employees in public places were serious (χ2 = 6.171, P <0.05); 82.1% of them were regarded as the main route of transmission of HBV; 21.6% of them believed that mosquitoes could spread HBV; and they were spread by blood, medical activities and sexual contact Awareness rates accounted for 35.8%, 11.2%, 23.1% respectively; that the harm of hepatitis B is seriously accounted for 86.6%, that hepatitis B can cause cirrhosis or liver cancer accounted for 62.7%, and 55.2% of people think that hepatitis B can be cured; vaccinated over HepB Of employees had higher cognition of HepB than non-vaccinated ones. HBsAg positive rate was higher than that of> 1 year (χ2 = 4.8, P <0.05). Conclusion The management of public places, especially small and medium-sized public places, should be strengthened, and the health education of practitioners should be strengthened so as to raise the level of cognition of hepatitis B and HepB vaccination rate.