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鼠疫是一种流行在啮齿动物间通过跳蚤传播的自然疫源性传染病,以发病急、传播快、病死率高为特征,是我国法定的甲类传染病。历史上鼠疫曾经引起3次人间的世界大流行,给人类带来巨大的灾难,20世纪90年代以来,鼠疫发病率呈上升趋势[1]。鼠疫仍是人类面临的重要的公共卫生问题。鼠疫耶尔森氏菌(以下简称鼠疫菌)是引起鼠疫的病原菌,对鼠疫菌进行分型可以了解其在自然界的生存条件及生物学特征,
Plague is a naturally epidemic infectious disease transmitted by fleas among rodents. It is characterized by acute onset, rapid transmission and high case fatality rate. It is a legal Class A infectious disease in our country. Historically, the plague had caused three world-wide world pandemics and brought great catastrophe to mankind. Since the 1990s, the incidence of plague has been on the rise [1]. Plague is still an important public health problem facing mankind. Yersinia pestis (hereinafter referred to as Yersinia pestis) is the pathogen causing plague, Yersinia pestis can be classified to understand its living conditions and biological characteristics in nature,