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《史记·五帝本纪》观象授时、制定历法的记载标志着天文学发展的一大进步,但帝尧时期通过观测星辰定四时的方法历来备受争议。实际上,帝尧时期太阳崇拜的观念根深蒂固,古人对太阳的认识更加深刻,观日授时更符合当时的社会背景;近些年来,考古工作者对陶寺遗址的发掘使历史的脉络渐趋清晰,陶寺观象台通过观测日出方位定四时的实证与《五帝本纪》所载相悖,这也印证了考古发现对证史的重要性。
The publication of the historical records of Shi Ji Wu Di Ben Ji marked a great progress in the development of astronomy when it came to the time and formulating the calendar. However, the method of observing the stars in Si Yao period has always been controversial. In fact, the concept of sun worship in Emperor and Yao Dynasties was deep-rooted. The ancients understood the sun more profoundly. The concept of observing the sun was more in line with the social background of the time. In recent years, the archeological excavations of the Tao Temple ruins the historical context The fact that Taosi Observatory observes the sunrise orientation by observing the four o’clock position contradicts the one contained in the “Five Emperors of the Five Emperors” confirms the importance of archaeological discoveries to the history of the card.