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目的了解成人水痘并发症的临床特点,为成人水痘的预防和临床诊治提供依据。方法回顾性分析2011~2015年我院收治的76例成人水痘并发症患者的临床资料,对临床流行特征和并发症发生情况及预后进行分析。结果 76例成人水痘并发症患者继发皮肤感染占84.21%,肝功能损害占55.26%,呼吸道感染占47.37%;发病比例男性高于女性,且以冬春季节发病为主。76例患者经临床应用阿昔洛韦联合麻疹减毒活疫苗治疗,均治愈。结论成人水痘发病率有增高趋势,而且成人水痘并发症有发热程度和热程、全身毒血症状以及皮疹数量、各种并发症发生比例均较儿童高且严重,无疫苗免疫史患者病情较重。临床上应尽早明确诊断,及时治疗;可通过接种水痘减毒活疫苗(VarV)(建议推行2剂次接种的免疫策略)来控制发病率和减少并发症发生。
Objective To understand the clinical features of adult chickenpox complication and provide evidence for the prevention and clinical diagnosis and treatment of adult chickenpox. Methods The clinical data of 76 adult patients with chickenpox in our hospital from 2011 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical features, complications and prognosis were analyzed. Results 76 cases of adult chickenpox patients with secondary skin infections accounted for 84.21%, liver damage accounted for 55.26%, respiratory infections accounted for 47.37%; incidence of male than female, and the main onset in winter and spring. 76 patients were treated with acyclovir live attenuated vaccine combined with measles, were cured. Conclusions The incidence of adult chickenpox has an increasing trend. In addition, the incidence of adult chickenpox fever and fever, systemic toxemia and the number of rash, the incidence of various complications are higher and more severe than those of children, severe cases of patients without vaccine immunization history . Clinically, diagnosis should be made as soon as possible and treated promptly. Morbidity of varicella vaccine (VarV) should be controlled and the incidence of complications can be controlled by vaccination with 2 doses.