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:通过独立排灌式磷肥大田试验探讨了水稻田表水磷素的动态特征及其潜在的环境效应。研究发现 ,施入磷肥增加了田表水磷素水平 ,首次水样总磷水平为 0 .2 0 1~ 1 .30 1 mg/kg,溶解磷水平为 0 .0 5 8~ 0 .92 6 mg/kg;在等量施磷的条件下 ,与单施无机磷肥比较 ,有机无机磷配施能显著地提高田表水磷素水平 ;在首次采样的一周之内 ,两者总磷水平相差达 3.85~ 1 .89倍 ,但随着时间的推移 ,因施磷结构的不同导致田表水磷素水平的差异逐渐缩小并趋于一致。任一次田间排水都存在诱发附近水域水体富营养化的可能。从减少磷素流失的角度出发 ,在施磷灌水后约一周之内或田间耘田时 ,田间排水磷素流失潜能增大 ,另外 ,还要避免在雨水集中的季节施用磷肥。
: The dynamic characteristics of phosphorus in surface water of paddy field and its potential environmental effects were discussed through field experiments with independent irrigation and drainage of phosphate fertilizer. The results showed that the application of phosphate fertilizer increased the phosphorus level in surface water. The total phosphorus level of the first water sample was 0.21-130 mg / kg, and the dissolved phosphorus level was 0.058 ~ 0.92 6 mg / kg. Under the same phosphorus application, compared with the single application of inorganic phosphate fertilizer, the combination of organic and inorganic phosphorus could significantly increase the phosphorus level in surface water. Within the first sampling period, the total phosphorus levels differed Up to 3.85 ~ 1.89 times, but with the passage of time, due to different phosphorus structures lead to field table water phosphorus levels gradually reduced and tend to be consistent. There is the possibility of eutrophication of water bodies in nearby waters during any drainage in the field. From the point of view of reducing phosphorus loss, phosphorus drainage potential in field drainage increases in about one week after phosphorus application or in Yuntian field. In addition, phosphate fertilizer should be avoided in the season of rainwater concentration.