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目的了解全国健康小屋的分布和使用情况,为健康小屋的工作开展提供建议。方法组织各省市区县全民健康生活方式行动办公室对所辖健康小屋进行问卷调查,针对2014年12月31日(含)以前建设的健康小屋开展调查。通过流行病学数据采集系统(EDDC)收集数据。用SAS 9.4软件进行统计学分析,用秩和检验比较不同属性健康小屋的使用次数。结果截至2014年12月31日,全国共建成5 363个健康小屋,覆盖全国675个区县,其中3 295个(61.44%)在东部地区,3 808个(71.01%)建在各级医疗机构。90%以上的健康小屋都可检测体重、身高、血压、腰围等项目。平均每个健康小屋在2014年1年的使用次数为1 000次(Q_1~Q_3:300~3 000)。开展健康教育工作的小屋使用次数(1 023次/年)明显高于未开展健康教育服务的小屋(680次/年),有信息系统的小屋使用次数(1 260次/年)高于无信息系统的小屋(1 000次/年),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。对小屋进行过宣传、有专人引导检测、可打印报告、定期进行设备维护以及将数据用于更新健康档案的健康小屋使用次数均较高。结论目前健康小屋使用次数不高,功能未被完全发挥,建议完善健康小屋信息化建设,与健康档案等数据互联互通,在开展健康监测服务的同时做好健康教育工作,将健康小屋作为加强群众自我健康管理的阵地,提高利用率。
Objective To understand the distribution and use of health lodges nationwide and to provide recommendations for the development of health lodges. Methods The health and lifestyle offices of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities were organized to conduct a questionnaire survey on health cottages under their jurisdiction, and the health cabins constructed before December 31, 2014 (inclusive) were investigated. Data was collected through the Epidemiological Data Acquisition System (EDDC). SAS 9.4 software was used for statistical analysis, using rank sum test to compare the number of health cabins with different properties. Results As of 31 December 2014, a total of 5 363 health cabins nationwide were established, covering 675 districts and counties in the country, of which 3 295 (61.44%) were in the eastern part and 3 808 (71.01%) were established at all levels of medical institutions . Over 90% of health cabins can detect weight, height, blood pressure, waist circumference and other items. The average number of health cabins used each year in 2014 was 1,000 (Q_1 ~ Q_3: 300 ~ 3 000). The number of huts used in health education was significantly higher (1,023 events / year) than that of huts without health education services (680 events / year), and hits with information systems (1,260 events / year) were higher than those without information System of hut (1 000 times / year), the differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). Promotions to cottages, manual guided testing, printable reports, regular maintenance of equipment and use of health cabins with data for updating health records were frequent. Conclusions At present, the use of health lodges is not high and the functions are not fully utilized. It is suggested that the informationization of health lodges should be improved and the data such as health records should be interconnected. Health monitoring should be carried out at the same time as well as health education, Self-health management positions to improve utilization.