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提高效益乃是我国经济改革的重要目标,许多单位面对人浮于事,上班无事可干的状况,不是从提高效率上下功夫,而是采取严格控制上下班时间等所谓的“加强劳动纪律”的简单办法,是不可取的。因为这是一种危险的纪律与效率二率背反现象。为了从理论上对面临的问题作出解释并提出解决的方法,我们先界定劳动的正负效用两个概念:劳动正效用是指劳动过程给劳动者带来的需要和欲望的满足;负效用则是劳动过程所引起的对劳动者的需要和欲望的牺牲。
Improving efficiency is an important goal of China's economic reform. Many units face the problem of people floating in the air or going to work without improving their efficiency rather than using the so-called “strengthening labor discipline” such as strict control of working hours. Approach is not desirable. Because this is a dangerous phenomenon of two-rate reverse of efficiency and discipline. In order to theoretically explain the problems we face and propose solutions, we first define the two concepts of positive and negative effects of labor: positive labor refers to the satisfaction of the needs and desires brought about by the labor process; It is the sacrifice of the worker's needs and desires caused by the labor process.