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对蜜蜂悬停飞行时二维柔性翅气动特性进行了研究.建立了昆虫飞行的4种坐标系,包括地面坐标系、贴体坐标系、固定翼坐标系和柔性翼坐标系,分别表示昆虫的位置、姿态、翅膀运动形式及变形.对4种坐标系间的变换进行了研究,并指出在二维刚性翅研究中利用椭圆坐标系可以提高计算精度,减少计算量.建立了二维柔性翅模型,分析了气动力、力矩及功率变化情况.对计算结果进行了分析,并指出扑动开始及结束阶段大的升力和阻力峰值的产生是平动加速、加速旋转及马格纳斯效应的叠加;小的峰值归因于凸向来流和凹向来流作用;与压力、压力力矩和平动功率相比,黏性力、黏性力矩及转动功率较小,可以忽略.
The aerodynamic characteristics of two-dimensional flexible wing during hovering flight of bees are studied.The four kinds of coordinate system of insect flight are established, including ground coordinate system, body-fitted coordinate system, fixed-wing coordinate system and flexible wing coordinate system, Position and attitude, the form of wing motion and deformation, the transformation between the four kinds of coordinate systems is studied, and the elliptic coordinate system in two-dimensional rigid wing research can be used to improve the calculation accuracy and reduce the computational cost. Model, and analyzes the changes of aerodynamic force, moment and power.The calculation results are analyzed, and it is pointed out that the large lift and the peak of resistance drag at the beginning and end of flutter are the translational acceleration, the acceleration rotation and the Magnus effect Superimposed; the small peak due to the convex flow and concave to flow; compared with the pressure, pressure torque and translational power, viscous force, viscous moment and rotational power smaller, can be ignored.