目的:调查贵州省普定县马官镇少数民族成人哮喘的患病率、危险因素及治疗情况。方法:以贵州省普定县马官镇辖区内少数民族18~80岁村民为调查对象,通过问卷、病史、体格检查及肺功能等检查确诊支气管哮喘患者;分析支气管哮喘的患病率、危险因素、诱发因素及治疗情况。结果:共调查2 357名村民,分别为布依族、苗族、仡佬族,诊断哮喘患者71例,患病率3.01%,其中布依族、苗族、仡佬族的患病率分别是2.98%、3.06%及3.45%,各民族患病率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.00,P>0.05);哮喘发病的主要危险因素为生物燃料(94.3%)、吸烟(67.6%)、宠物饲养(63.4%),主要诱发因素为感冒(69.1%)、吸入冷空气(56.3%)、刺激性气味(53.5%),主要治疗药物为抗生素(84.5%)、茶碱(67.6%)、不知成分的中药粉末(50.7%)。结论:支气管哮喘是贵州部分地区少数民族成人的常见病之一,其发病主要与生物燃料、吸烟等有关,不规范治疗现象严重。 Objective: To investigate the prevalence, risk factors and treatment of adult asthma among ethnic minorities in Ma Guan Town, Puding County, Guizhou Province. Methods: To investigate the prevalence of bronchial asthma and the risk of bronchial asthma by questionnaire, medical history, physical examination and pulmonary function tests among the villagers aged 18 ~ 80 in minority area of ​​Ma-Guan Town, Puding County, Guizhou Province. Factors, triggers and treatment. Results: A total of 2 357 villagers were surveyed, including Buyi, Miao and Mulao, and 71 patients diagnosed with asthma, the prevalence was 3.01%. The prevalences of Buyi, Miao and Mulao were 2.98% and 3.06% respectively, And 3.45%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the prevalence rates among different ethnic groups (χ2 = 0.00, P> 0.05). The main risk factors of asthma were biofuels (94.3%), smoking The main inducing factors were cold (69.1%), cold air inhalation (56.3%), irritating odor (53.5%), antibiotics (84.5% 50.7%). Conclusion: Bronchial asthma is one of the common diseases among ethnic minority adults in some areas of Guizhou. The incidence of bronchial asthma is mainly related to biofuels, smoking and so on, and the phenomenon of non-standard treatment is serious.