在本尼迪克特的名著《菊花与刀》中,作者用菊花和日本刀两个截然的意象来说明日本人的二重性。同时这两种意象所指代的涵义又丰富地体现于日本文化和文学里。菊花是崇美、“物哀”、“幽玄”的日本文化;日本刀则是武士道精神的象征。而上田 In Benedict’s famous book Chrysanthemum and the Knife, the author uses two distinct images of chrysanthemums and Japanese knives to illustrate the duality of Japanese. At the same time, the meanings of these two images are also abundantly embodied in Japanese culture and literature. Chrysanthemum is the beauty of the United States, “sorrow ”, “secluded ” Japanese culture; Japanese sword is a symbol of Bushido spirit. And Ueda