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目的研究苯接触工人外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变的水平,以及接苯工人的工种、工龄等对结构畸变细胞率的影响。方法选取130名接触苯作业工人进行基本情况调查,并抽取每人外周静脉血0.5 ml,加入含有植物血凝素和小牛血清的1640培养基中培养52~54 h,终止培养4~6 h前加入秋水仙素。收获细胞,染色,用自来水、单蒸水冲洗,干后封片光学显微镜下观察。以非分带染色的方法检测外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变种类和异常率。结果苯接触工人的染色体畸变异常人数在包括裂隙时有40人,在不包括裂隙时有22人,分别占总人数的31.7%与16.9%。在分析不同工种、性别、工龄、饮酒、吸烟、防护知识的掌握程度不同对染色体畸变的影响时,无论包括不包括裂隙这种畸变种类,工种是其影响因素。染色体结构畸变类型主要是单体裂隙31.77%、单体缺失30.75%和断裂25.41%。没有发现工龄、性别、饮酒、吸烟和防护知识对染色体畸变率有明显影响。结论苯接触工人的染色体异常率在包括裂隙时为31.7%,在不包括裂隙时为16.9%。油漆工人的染色体畸变异常率高于其他苯作业工人。
Objective To investigate the level of chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes exposed to benzene in workers exposed to benzene and the effect of the type of work and the length of service on the structural aberration of cells exposed to benzene. Methods A total of 130 workers exposed to benzene were enrolled in this study. Peripheral venous blood was drawn from each patient by 0.5 ml. The cells were cultured in 1640 medium containing phytohemagglutinin and calf serum for 52-54 h and terminated for 4-6 h Before adding colchicine. Cells were harvested, stained, rinsed with tap water, distilled water and observed under a light microscope after drying. Non-banding staining method to detect peripheral blood lymphocyte chromosome aberrations and abnormal rate. Results The number of abnormalities of chromosome aberration in workers exposed to benzene was 40 in cases involving fissures and 22 cases excluding fissures, accounting for 31.7% and 16.9% of the total, respectively. When analyzing the effects of different types of work, gender, length of service, drinking, smoking, and mastery of different levels of knowledge on chromosome aberrations, the type of work is the influencing factor, including the type of distortion that does not include cracks. The main types of chromosomal aberrations were single cell fissure (31.77%), monomer missing (30.75%) and cleavage (25.41%). Did not find that length of service, gender, alcohol consumption, smoking and protection of knowledge have a significant impact on chromosome aberration rate. Conclusion The chromosomal abnormalities in workers exposed to benzene are 31.7% for fractures and 16.9% for fractures. Painter’s abnormal rate of chromosome aberration is higher than other benzene workers.