论文部分内容阅读
目的了解北京市昌平区成年居民能量摄入现状。方法 2012年采用24 h回顾法及调味品称重法进行膳食调查进而推算能量摄入量,并描述、分析其分布。采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,在北京市昌平区抽取4个居委会、2个村委会共198户居民进行询问调查及膳食调查。结果北京市昌平区居民平均每日摄入能量为7.48(6.06~9.31)MJ,较2002年下降34.4%,女性能量摄入显著低于男性(P<0.01),城镇居民能量摄入显著低于农村(P<0.05),不同身体活动水平能量摄入差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),活动较轻居民能量摄入显著低于活动水平中、重的居民(P<0.01,P<0.01);从能量的分布看,50.3%的居民能量摄入达到80%~120%EER,34.9%的居民能量摄入不足80%EER,14.8%的居民能量摄入超出120%EER;从能量的营养素来源看,碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质供能比为54.3%、33.7%、12.6%,文化程度、经济水平、身体活动对膳食结构有一定的影响;从能量的食物来源看,谷类占53.7%,较2002年增加2.9%,动物性食物占16.8%,较2002年下降2.7%,纯热能食物占17.3%,较2002年增加3%。结论北京市昌平区成年居民膳食能量摄入较2002年下降,宏量营养素供能比仍然不尽合理,能量的食物来源结果显示,居民膳食结构有所优化,但是纯热能食物来源的能量比例增加,应引起重视,继续开展限油的营养宣教。
Objective To understand the energy intake status of adult inhabitants in Changping District of Beijing. Methods A 24-h retrospective study and condiment weighing method were used for dietary surveys in 2012 to estimate energy intake and to describe and analyze its distribution. Using stratified cluster random sampling method, 4 neighborhood committees were selected in Changping District of Beijing, and 198 households in 2 village committees were investigated for inquiry and dietary surveys. Results The average daily energy intake of residents in Changping District of Beijing was 7.48 (6.06 ~ 9.31) MJ, down 34.4% from 2002, and the female energy intake was significantly lower than that of men (P <0.01). The energy intake of urban residents was significantly lower than (P <0.05). There was significant difference in energy intake between different levels of physical activity (P <0.01), and the energy intake of residents with less active level was significantly lower than that of residents with moderate and heavy activities (P <0.01, P <0.01) ). According to energy distribution, 50.3% of residents have energy intake of 80% -12% EER, 34.9% of residents have less than 80% of energy intake EER, and 14.8% of residents have energy intake exceeding 120% EER. From the energy The source of nutrients, carbohydrate, fat, protein energy ratio of 54.3%, 33.7%, 12.6%, education, economic level, physical activity have a certain impact on the diet; from energy sources of food, cereals accounted for 53.7% , 2.9% more than in 2002, 16.8% for animal foods, a decrease of 2.7% from 2002, and 17.3% for pure heat food, an increase of 3% over 2002. Conclusion Dietary intake of adult residents in Changping District of Beijing decreased compared with that of 2002. The macronutrient energy supply ratio was still not reasonable. The results of energy sources showed that the dietary structure of residents was optimized, but the energy proportion of pure-heat food sources increased , Should pay attention to continue to carry out the limited oil nutrition education.