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岩溶铀矿床的控矿因素复杂多样,其中以铀源、岩性和构造因素最为重要,前二者是成矿前提,后者是关键。 岩溶铀矿床受碳酸盐建造的岩性及其柱状剖面结构的控制。当岩石中含炭、泥、磷、生物化石及黄铁矿时,有利于铀矿的原生和后生的富集,为铀成矿提供铀源或有利的围岩条件;当不同岩性互层发育,组成不同层次的韵律剖面时,有利于形成岩溶洞穴或岩溶堆积岩。而单一成分的厚层碳酸盐岩,韵律剖面结构简单时,不利于形成岩溶铀矿床。 岩溶铀矿床的成矿作用,明显地受大地构造、地壳构造运动期次及断裂构造的控制。岩溶铀矿床多赋存于地洼区内地台或地槽构造层内,形成于地洼阶段中新生代断块构造运动期,常见于多期活动的二组或多组断裂交汇地段。因而,岩溶铀矿床发育,是地洼区的标志之一,是地洼区成矿的一个重要特色。矿床分布具有明显的线性及等间距性的特点。
The ore-controlling factors of karst uranium deposits are complex and diverse, of which uranium source, lithology and structural factors are the most important. The former two are the metallogenic preconditions, the latter are the key. Carbonate-Built Lithology of Karst Uranium Deposits and Control of Their Columnar Structure. When the rock contains carbon, mud, phosphorus, biological fossils and pyrite, is conducive to the enrichment of uranium deposits of the original and epigenetic uranium ore or uranium ore to provide favorable conditions for rock; when different lithology interbedded Development, composition of the rhythm profile at different levels, is conducive to the formation of karst cave or karst piles. The simple composition of thick carbonates, rhyme profile simple structure, is not conducive to the formation of karst uranium deposits. The mineralization of karst uranium deposits is clearly controlled by the geotectonic, crustal tectonic movement and fault structure. Karst uranium deposits are mostly located in the platform or trough structural layer in Diwa area and formed during the Mesozoic-Cenozoic fault block tectonic movement in Diwa stage, which is commonly found in the intersections of two or more faults in multi-period activities. Therefore, the development of karst uranium deposits is one of the hallmarks of the Diwa area and is an important feature of the mineralization in Diwa area. The distribution of deposits has the characteristics of obvious linearity and equal spacing.