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本研究用免疫组化法检测了食管癌高发区人群中不同食管病变抗癌基因Ｐ５３、癌基因ＥＧＦｒ蛋白的表达，并进行了随访研究。结果显示：从正常上皮到浸润癌的各级病变中，Ｐ５３蛋白呈增长趋势。一组不典型增生病人随访２４个月的重复检测表明，无论阳性或阴性表达，形态学未发现有进展为癌的倾向。２０例早期食管癌的检测和３３～７８个月的随访结果显示，肿瘤基因的阳性表达与预后有明显的关系。
In this study, immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of anti-oncogene P53 and EGFr in different esophageal lesions in high-risk areas of esophageal cancer. Follow-up studies were performed. The results showed that P53 protein showed an increasing trend from normal epithelium to invasive cancer at all levels. Repeated testing of a group of patients with dysplasia at 24 months of follow-up showed that, regardless of positive or negative expression, morphology did not show a tendency to develop cancer. The detection of 20 cases of early esophageal cancer and 33 to 78 months of follow-up showed that the positive expression of tumor gene had a significant relationship with the prognosis.