目的了解新疆阿拉山口口岸蜱携带立克次体的种类及其分子流行特征。方法 2015年在新疆阿拉山口口岸采集蜱,形态学鉴定后提取DNA,利用PCR方法检测立克次体属glt A基因,对核酸阳性样本进行测序,利用Mega5.05、Lasergene软件进行DNA序列、氨基酸序列分析,构建系统进化树。结果共采集到100只蜱,均为亚洲璃眼蜱。从1只蜱中检测到立克次体核酸,属于斑点热群立克次体劳氏立克次体。经基因序列和氨基酸序列同源性分析,显示与内蒙古株MD0202同源性最高。结论阿拉山口口岸存在立克次体病传播风险。 Objective To understand the species and molecular epidemiology of tick-borne rickettsia in the Alashankou Port, Xinjiang. Methods Ticks were collected from Alashankou Port of Xinjiang in 2015 and DNA was extracted after morphological identification. The glt A gene of Rickettsia was detected by PCR. The positive samples were sequenced. The DNA sequence, amino acid Sequence analysis, building phylogenetic tree. Results A total of 100 ticks were collected, all of which were Eyelash asiaticus. Rickettsia nucleic acid was detected from one tick, belonging to the speckle heat group Rickettsia rickettsii. By homology analysis of gene sequence and amino acid sequence, it showed the highest homology with Inner Mongolia strain MD0202. Conclusion There is a risk of Rickettsia disease spreading in Alashankou Port.