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研究了低温对5套杂交水稻组合的影响。始穗期旗叶光合作用的最大速率和表观量子效率受低温抑制的程度表明:其耐冷顺序为粳稻型的“秀优57”>“釉稻型的青优早”>“汕优63”、“汕优64”与“威优64”。杂交水稻 F_1的耐冷水平与母本近似,与父本关系不大,保持系的耐冷性相似于不育系。杂交水稻幼苗经低温处理后的存活率亦表现出同样的规律。证明所试5套杂交水稻的生育后期与苗期对低温的反应是一致的。本文对该结果在杂交水稻抗冷性选育种中的意义进行了讨论。
The effects of low temperature on five sets of hybrid rice combinations were studied. The maximum rate of photosynthesis and apparent quantum yield inhibition at low temperature in heading stage indicated that the order of cold tolerance was japonica rice “Xiuyou 57”> “Youyaozao of glaze rice type”> “Shanyou 63” , “Shanyou 64” and “Weiyou 64”. The cold tolerance of hybrid rice F_1 was similar to that of female parent, and had little to do with its male parent. The cold tolerance of maintainer lines was similar to that of male sterile lines. The survival rate of hybrid rice seedlings after cryogenic treatment also showed the same pattern. It proved that the response of 5 sets of hybrid rice at the later stage of growth and seedling stage to low temperature was consistent. This paper discusses the significance of this result in cold tolerance breeding of hybrid rice.