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胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(GDNF)是Tgf-β家族的一个新亚族,其通过以下途径促进精原干细胞(SSCs)的增殖:GDNF与GFR-α1特异性结合,活化Ret蛋白酪氨酸激酶,随后激活PI3K/Akt、Src、Ras/ERK1/2等信号通路,引起通路下游转录因子Pou3f1、Etv5、Bcl6b、Lhx1和基因H19、A-myb、N-myc、C-fos表达的上调,进而促进SSCs的增殖。同时,在该过程中还存在着信号通路间的交联现象。
Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), a new subfamily of Tgf-β family, promotes the proliferation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) by specific binding of GDNF to GFR-α1, activation of the Ret protein tyramine Acid kinase, then activate PI3K / Akt, Src, Ras / ERK1 / 2 and other signaling pathways, resulting in upregulation of downstream pathway transcription factors Pou3f1, Etv5, Bcl6b, Lhx1 and genes H19, A-myb, N-myc, C-fos , Thereby promoting the proliferation of SSCs. In the meantime, there is also a phenomenon of cross-linking between signal pathways in the process.