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在解释美国人和亚洲人心理活动的差异时,心理学家们最常使用个人主义/集体主义这一文化框架,以及近年来颇受关注的独立/互依自我构念。综述了这两个文化框架各自的概念体系及测量方法,探讨了两者间的联系与区别。同时进一步分析了已有跨文化研究中关于这两个文化框架在解释美国人和亚洲人心理活动之异同时,有效性与实用性正反两方面的证据,指出了已有研究中存在的不足,并探讨了文化心理学研究在沿用这两个文化框架时可能做的理论与方法上的改进。
In explaining the differences in psychological activity between Americans and Asians, psychologists most often use the cultural framework of individualism / collectivism, as well as the independent / interdependent self-concept that has drawn much attention in recent years. The concept systems and measurement methods of each of the two cultural frameworks are summarized, and the connection and differences between the two are explored. At the same time, the author further analyzes the evidences of validity and practicability of the two cultural frameworks in interpreting the similarities and differences between the two cultural frameworks in explaining the psychological activities of Americans and Asians in the existing intercultural studies, points out the deficiencies in the existing studies , And discusses the theoretical and methodological improvements that cultural psychology studies may make in keeping with these two cultural frameworks.