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目的：研究原始性神经外胚层肿瘤（ＰＮＥＴ）的特征。方法：采用光镜、电镜和免疫组化对１例颈部原始性神经外胚层肿瘤（ＰＮＥＴ）进行观察。结果：肿瘤组织由小圆形细胞构成，肿瘤细胞胞膜示ＭＩＣ２强阳性，肿瘤细胞胞浆内含有微管及神经内分泌颗粒。结论：ＰＮＥＴ是一种极度恶性的软组织小圆形细胞肿瘤，它的诊断必须依靠免疫组化及电镜。
Objective: To study the characteristics of primary neuroectodermal tumors (PNET). METHODS: One case of cervical primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) was observed by light microscopy, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The tumor consisted of small round cells. The cell membrane of the tumor cells showed strong MIC2. Tumor cells contained microtubules and neuroendocrine particles. Conclusion: PNET is an extremely malignant small round cell tumor of soft tissue. Its diagnosis must rely on immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy.