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影响地面三维激光扫描点云精度的因素有很多,它们共同存在且交互影响,研究各因素及其交互作用对点云数量、点云反射强度和点云标准偏差的影响有利于有效地提高地面点云精度。选择目标物的颜色、粗糙度、距离作为研究对象,利用多因素方差分析法、多元线性回归分析法,分析了各因素及其交互作用影响的显著性,并拟合了点云标准偏差和点云反射强度的回归方程。研究结果表明:目标物距离对点云数量的影响较大,5m距离的点云数量约是30m距离的40倍,距离与点云数量成反比;目标物颜色对点云反射强度的影响较大,白色最大点云强度可达0.54,而黑色只有0.18,点云反射强度从大到小为白色、绿色、蓝色、红色、黑色;目标物距离对地面三维激光扫描点云标准偏差影响最大,30m距离的点云标准偏差是5m距离的3倍左右,颜色次之,粗糙度的影响不明显,点云标准偏差与点云反射强度具有幂函数关系。
There are many factors affecting the 3D point cloud accuracy of terrestrial laser scanning. They coexist and interact with each other. Studying the influence of various factors and their interactions on the number of point clouds, the reflectivity of point cloud and the standard deviation of point clouds is beneficial to effectively improve the surface point Cloud accuracy. The color, roughness and distance of the target were chosen as the research object. The multiple factors analysis of variance and the multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the significance of each factor and its interaction effects. The standard deviation of point cloud and point Regression equation of cloud reflection intensity. The results show that the target distance has a great influence on the number of point clouds, the number of point clouds at 5m distance is about 40 times the distance of 30m, and the distance is inversely proportional to the number of point clouds. , The maximum white point cloud intensity can reach 0.54, while the black color is only 0.18. The intensity of point cloud reflection is white, green, blue, red and black. The target distance has the greatest influence on the standard deviation of three- The standard deviation of point cloud at 30m distance is about 3 times of that at 5m distance, the color is second, the influence of roughness is not obvious, and the standard deviation of point cloud has a power function relationship with the reflection intensity of point cloud.