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目的评估宁波市手足口病经济负担。方法选取国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统中2011年宁波市报告的手足口病例,进行问卷调查和病历回顾,收集病例就医过程、相关费用和医疗保险等信息,估算手足口病例经济负担。结果共调查手足口病轻症病例106例,重症病例58例,死亡病例6例。2011年宁波市手足口病总体经济负担为3635.1万元,其中直接经济负担2181.2万元,间接经济损失1453.9万元。轻症、重症、死亡病例直接费用的中位数分别为1581、7419和21 533元,直接医疗费用的中位数分别为1431、6977和17 224元。参加至少一种医疗保险的病例占32.9%,医疗保险可为轻症、重症病例分别减轻38.2%和29.1%的直接医疗费用。结论手足口病给患者和社会均造成了较重的经济负担。提高医疗保险覆盖率、减少轻症病例住院比例将有助于减轻患者经济负担;控制和降低发病率,才能有效减轻手足口病对社会的经济负担。
Objective To evaluate the economic burden of hand, foot and mouth disease in Ningbo City. Methods Hand, foot and mouth cases reported in Ningbo City in 2011 were selected from questionnaires and medical records review, and the information such as medical treatment, related expenses and medical insurance were collected to estimate the economic burden of hand, foot and mouth cases. Results A total of 106 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease were investigated in mild cases, 58 cases of severe cases, 6 cases of death. In 2011, the total economic burden of hand, foot and mouth disease in Ningbo was 36.351 million yuan, of which, the direct economic burden was 21.822 million yuan and the indirect economic loss was 14.539 million yuan. The median direct costs of mild, severe and fatal cases were 1581, 7419 and 21 533 yuan, respectively. The median direct medical costs were 1431, 6977 and 17 224 yuan respectively. 32.9% of them participated in at least one kind of medical insurance, and medical insurance reduced the direct medical costs by 38.2% and 29.1% respectively for mild and severe cases. Conclusion Hand-foot-mouth disease causes heavy economic burden to both patients and society. Increasing the coverage of medical insurance and reducing the hospitalization rate of mild cases will help to reduce the economic burden on patients. To control and reduce the incidence will be able to effectively reduce the economic burden of hand-foot-mouth disease on society.