目的:探讨人工流产妇女对避孕知识的了解和对避孕与人工流产的态度及相关影响因素以寻找解决办法。方法:采用统一调查问卷对行人工流产术并自愿参与调查的646位女性进行横断面调查。结果:本次调查的妊娠妇女中478例(74%)未采取避孕措施,余下168例(26%)为避孕失败。影响妇女人工流产的主要因素有年龄、性教育、受教育程度、避孕知识以及人流知识掌握程度。结论:对育龄期妇女及青少年开展性知识及避孕知识教育,提高对生殖健康的认识,是减少非意愿妊娠及降低人工流产率的关键因素。 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the knowledge of contraception and the attitude of contraception and induced abortion of abortion women and their related factors in order to find a solution. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 646 women who underwent induced abortion and who volunteered to participate in the survey was conducted using a uniform questionnaire. Results: Of the 478 pregnant women surveyed (74%), no contraception was taken and the remaining 168 (26%) were contraceptive failures. The main factors affecting women’s abortion are age, sex education, education level, contraceptive knowledge and knowledge of people’s flow. Conclusion: To educate women and adolescents of childbearing age on sexual knowledge and contraception and to raise awareness of reproductive health are the key factors to reduce unwanted pregnancies and reduce the rate of induced abortion.