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风暴潮数值模式计算必须给出每个格点的风应力值和气压梯度。就台风而言,目前尚不可能靠观测获得这些值,必须采用气象模式。显然,风暴潮模式结果的好坏,在很大程度上依赖于气压场和风场模式的优劣。英国专家Heaps(1983)曾经指出,风暴潮模式预报决定性地取决于输入的气象资料的质量。因此,在介绍风暴潮模式计算之前,首先概要介绍气压场和风场的处理。
The storm surge numerical model calculation must give the value of the wind stress and the pressure gradient at each grid point. In the case of typhoons, it is not yet possible to obtain these values by observation and weather models must be adopted. Obviously, the result of the storm surge pattern depends very much on the quality of the pressure field and the wind field pattern. British expert Heaps (1983) pointed out that the storm surge forecast depends critically on the quality of incoming meteorological data. Therefore, before introducing the storm surge pattern calculation, we will first outline the treatment of the pressure field and the wind field.