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肺炎支原体感染的实验室检查对于诊断并开始抗感染治疗十分必要。肺炎支原体的实验室检测方法包括：培养、直接抗原检测、分子生物学检测(DNA和RNA检测)、血清学检测和其他一些新方法。本文就这些实验室检查的方法、优势、局限性和临床应用进行了总结。“,”Detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae infections is essential to diagnosis and initiate appropriate antibiotic therapy.Laboratory detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae includes culture, nonamplified antigen detection, molecular-based methods(detection of DNA and RNA), serology and other new diagnostic methods.These relative methods, advantages, limitations and clinical utility are summarized in this review.