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：５０ 年代后期以毛泽东同志为首的党中央决定发动人民公社化运动的原因是多方面的。本文认为毛泽东对“理想社会”执著追求是这一运动兴起的重要原因，人民公社是他所设计的理想社会方案的现实载体。但因其具有浓厚的空想色彩，从而也就决定了其日后必然履没的历史命运。
There are many reasons why the CPC Central Committee headed by Comrade Mao Zedong in the late 1950s decided to launch the People’s Commune Movement. This article holds that Mao Zedong’s pursuit of “ideal society” is an important reason for the rise of this movement. The people’s commune is the realistic carrier of the ideal social plan that he designed. However, because of its strong utopian color, it also determines the historical destiny that it must inevitably fulfill in the future.