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伴随着全球化不断深入,国际劳动分工体系下全球生产网络逐步形成,推动跨国公司以外资直接投资为途径在全球范围内寻找有利区位。低廉的要素成本、友好的政策制度以及广阔的潜在市场使得发展中国家成为外资活跃的重要地区。外资空间动态不仅涉及发展中国家对接全球生产网络的效果,更关系到其生产格局的演变。而演化理论下的技术邻近度也会对外资空间动态和本土产业演化产生作用,使之呈现出更多样的空间差异。本文基于1998-2008年中国337个地级市的制造业数据,研究内、外资技术邻近度作用下外资空间动态对本土产业演化的影响,研究发现:(1)外资进入、退出等空间动态显著促进了中国本土产业演化,其中中西部最强,东部最弱,东北地区外资进入作用相对明显。(2)技术邻近度削弱了外资空间动态对本土产业演化的积极影响,但具体到不同区域也会出现差异。东部地区的技术关联反而有利于外资进入带来的知识溢出和外资退出带来的资源释放,表现为典型的“战略耦合”。而中部、西部和东北地区的技术关联则成为阻碍外资进入、退出促进内资产业发展的重要原因。
With the deepening of globalization, the global production network under the system of international labor division has gradually taken shape and multinational corporations are encouraged to seek favorable positions on a global scale through direct investment by foreign capital. Low factor costs, friendly policies and policies and a vast potential market make developing countries an important and active area for foreign investment. The dynamic of foreign capital not only relates to the effect of developing countries docking global production networks, but also relates to the evolution of their production patterns. The technological proximity under evolutionary theory also has an effect on the spatial dynamics of foreign capital and on the evolution of local industries, giving rise to more diverse spatial differences. Based on the manufacturing data of 337 prefecture-level cities in China from 1998 to 2008, this paper studies the impact of foreign capital spatial dynamics on the evolution of local industries under the proximity of domestic and foreign technologies. The findings are as follows: (1) The spatial dynamics of foreign capital entering and exiting are significant Promoted the development of China’s indigenous industries, of which the strongest in central and western regions, the weakest in the east and the inflow of foreign capital in northeast China were relatively obvious. (2) Technological proximity weakens the positive impact of the dynamic of foreign capital on the evolution of local industries, but it also varies from region to region. The technological linkages in the eastern region, on the contrary, are conducive to the knowledge spillover brought by foreign capital entry and the release of resources caused by the withdrawal of foreign capital, which are characterized by the typical “strategic coupling.” However, the technological linkages in the central, western and northeastern regions have become an important reason for hindering the entry and exit of foreign funds in promoting the development of domestic-funded industries.