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适配体是通过指数富集系统进化技术(SELEX)体外筛选得到的一类能够特异性地结合小分子物质、蛋白,甚至整个细胞的寡聚核苷酸序列。适配体具有制备简便、易于修饰、亲和力强,稳定性好等特点,已作为识别分子广泛应用于构建生物传感器。从以荧光信号、比色信号、电化学信号作为检测信号等方面进行综述适配体在检测食品中常见的毒素——赭曲霉毒素方面的应用。最后,对生物传感器在食品真菌毒素检测的发展前景进行了展望。
Aptamers are a class of oligonucleotide sequences that specifically bind to small molecules, proteins, or even whole cells, which are screened in vitro by exponential enrichment system evolutionary techniques (SELEX). The aptamer has the characteristics of easy preparation, easy modification, strong affinity and good stability. It has been widely used as a recognition molecule in the construction of biosensors. The application of aptamers in the detection of toxins, a common toxins in foods, is reviewed from the aspects of fluorescence signals, colorimetric signals and electrochemical signals as detection signals. Finally, the prospect of bio-sensor in the detection of food fungal toxins is prospected.