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着重分析我国玉米生产和玉米育种面临的任务和存在的问题。随着农业生产的发展,玉米的主要用途依次是饲用、食用和工业用。目前我国玉米65%~70%用于饲料,人均占有饲用玉米60 kg,美国人均占有饲用玉米300~500 kg,而我国远远低于农牧业发达国家。中国人口众多,再经过30年努力,玉米总产翻一番,人均占有玉米量也不超过120 kg,仅靠玉米数量增加是无法满足畜牧业发展对饲料的需求,因为大部分肉、禽、蛋、奶是靠玉米转化的。当前应加强品质育种研究,使今后玉米产业向高层次迈进,发展优质蛋白玉米(高赖氨酸玉米opaque-2玉米)是一项势在必行的农业技术措施。此外,为满足市场需求,还要发展高油玉米、青饲青贮玉米、高直链淀粉玉米等。
Focus on the analysis of China’s maize production and maize breeding facing the tasks and problems. With the development of agricultural production, the main purposes of corn are feeding, food and industrial use. At present, 65% -70% of China’s maize is used for feed, with per capita possession of 60kg of maize, and U.S. people occupy 300-500kg of maize. However, China is far below the developed countries in agriculture and animal husbandry. China has a large population. After 30 years of hard work, the total output of corn will double and the average amount of corn per capita will not exceed 120 kg. The increase of corn alone can not satisfy the demand for animal husbandry because most of the meat, poultry, Egg, milk is transformed by corn. At present, the research on quality breeding should be strengthened so that the future corn industry will move towards a higher level. The development of high-quality protein corn (high-lysine corn opaque-2 corn) is an imperative agricultural technology measure. In addition, to meet the market demand, but also the development of high oil corn, green silage corn, high amylose corn.