航海过失免责的存废是国际海上货物运输立法中不可回避的焦点之一。航海过失免责因其对货主的一定的公平性一直存在诸多争议,对其存废,目前尚无定论。本文就规则的形成过程从背景和历史两方面进行了论述从制度经济学的成本角度分析了废除航海过失的成本,显示其一定的生命力。并对未来的立法进行了展望。 It is one of the unavoidable focuses in the international legislation of carriage of goods by sea that the exemption of navigation fault should be abolished. There is a lot of controversy over the exemption of maritime negligence due to its fairness to the shipper. This article discusses the forming process of rules from two aspects: background and history. From the perspective of the cost of institutional economics, this paper analyzes the cost of abolishing navigation mistakes and shows its certain vitality. And prospects for the future legislation.