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当下中国文学理论正遭受方法论的束缚,二元思维的方法及观念化的方法,使文学理论僵化且远离文学实践。在这方面,马克思《政治经济学批判》以其对于现实重要问题的研究,及求解这类问题运用的由一般提升为具体的逻辑方法,对中国文学理论的方法论突围产生重要的引导意义。而且,马克思在《〈政治经济学批判〉导言》中又专门分析与阐释了这套方法,更使这种引导意义明晰而且深刻。从简单范畴到具体范畴,从范畴关联到关联范畴的相互作用,从范畴关系思考到与现实具体的对应参照,从逻辑思维到思维的历史方式,《〈政治经济学批判〉导言》揭示与运用的这套方法,是中国文学理论方法论突围的根据。
Nowadays Chinese literary theory is being hampered by the methodology, the method of dualistic thinking and the method of conceptualization, making the theory of literature rigid and far away from literary practice. In this respect, Marx’s “Critique of Political Economy” plays an important guiding role in breaking the methodology of Chinese literary theory with his research on the important issues of reality and the logical approach from general promotion to solving such problems. Moreover, Marx also analyzes and expounds this method in the Introduction to Critique of Political Economy, which makes the guidance clear and deep. From simple categories to specific categories, from the category-related to the category-related interactions, from the category-relationship to the specific reference to the reality, from the logical thinking to the historical mode of thinking, “Revelation and Application of Critique of Political Economy” This method is the basis for breaking through the methodology of Chinese literary theory.