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本文用手术显微镜,对50侧枕动脉在头皮的分布进行了观测。枕动脉穿头皮深筋膜浅出,有相对恒定的部位,82％的浅出点可包括在半径为15mm的圆内。动脉可分为主干型和两分支型,行程纡曲,纡曲指数多集中在100～150之间。枕动脉分布面积平均为89cm~2,多呈左右均衡分布(78％)。动脉与相邻头皮动脉呈L型、Y型或X型吻合。两侧枕动脉之间、枕动脉与颢浅动脉、耳后动脉之间的吻合点,分别为7.3、8.1和2.3个。吻合点外径在0.3～0.5 mm之间的占60％以上。相邻吻合点间的距离有85％在20mm以内。本文还测定了吻合点的分布位置和频数;讨论了枕动脉在游离头皮瓣和治疗全头皮撕脱伤中的应用。
This article with a surgical microscope, 50 lateral occipital artery in the scalp distribution was observed. The occipital artery penetrates the deep fascia and has a relatively constant site. 82% of the shallow points can be included in a circle with a radius of 15 mm. Artery can be divided into two main types and branches, stroke song, song index more concentrated in the 100 to 150. The distribution area of the occipital artery averaged 89cm ~ 2, mostly in a balanced distribution (78%). Arteries and adjacent scalp artery was L-type, Y-type or X-type anastomosis. The anastomoses between the two occipital arteries, the occipital artery, the superficial muslum artery and the posterior auricular artery were 7.3, 8.1 and 2.3, respectively. Anastomosis outside diameter of 0.3 ~ 0.5 mm accounted for more than 60%. 85% of the distance between adjacent anastomoses within 20mm. The location and frequency of the anastomosis were also measured. The application of the occipital artery in the treatment of avascular scalp avulsion was discussed.